Quiz_Protista

Explanation:The distinction between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is based on several factors, including the presence of a nucleus, cell organelles, and the structure of chromosomes.

Explanation:Photosynthetic protists include euglenoids, diatoms, and dinoflagellates, all of which contain chlorophyll and can perform photosynthesis.

Explanation:Physarum is an example of an acellular slime mold, which exists as a large, multinucleate, single cell during its vegetative phase, known as a plasmodium.

Explanation:Protozoans are often referred to as acellular because they are single-celled organisms that perform all necessary life functions within one cell.

Explanation:Chrysophytes, Euglenoides, Dinoflagellates, and slime molds are all included in the kingdom Protista, which comprises a diverse group of mostly unicellular organisms.

Explanation:Photosynthetic protists include members of Bacillariophyceae (diatoms), Euglenophyceae (euglenoids), and Dinophyceae (dinoflagellates), all of which contain chlorophyll and perform photosynthesis.

Explanation:The statement is incorrect because diatom cell walls are composed of silica and are highly durable, contributing to the formation of diatomaceous earth.

Explanation:Sleeping sickness, also known as African trypanosomiasis, is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma, which is transmitted by the tsetse fly.

Explanation:Fungi are separated from Protista based on their cell wall composition, which contains chitin, and their absorptive mode of nutrition.

Explanation:Diploid protists reproduce sexually through gametic meiosis, where gametes are formed by meiosis and fuse to form a diploid zygote.

Explanation:The five kingdom system of classification, which includes Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia, was proposed by Robert Whittaker in 1969. This system is based on cell structure, mode of nutrition, and reproduction.

Explanation:Dinoflagellates have two distinct flagella: one that wraps around the cell in a transverse groove and another that extends vertically, aiding in their unique spinning motion.

Explanation:All protozoans possess a eukaryotic organization, meaning they have a well-defined nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.

Explanation:The phylum Sporozoa consists of protozoans that are entirely parasitic, including organisms such as Plasmodium, which causes malaria.

Explanation:Ernst Haeckel was the scientist who proposed the kingdom Protista to include all unicellular organisms, recognizing their distinct nature from plants and animals.

Explanation:Diatoms have a unique cell wall made of silica, known as a frustule, which is composed of two halves that fit together like a petri dish.

Explanation:Photosynthetic protists, such as algae, contribute significantly to global photosynthesis, accounting for approximately 50% of the world’s oxygen production.

Explanation:Protistan algae, such as diatoms and euglenoids, obtain their food primarily through photosynthesis, using light energy to produce organic compounds.

Explanation:Slime molds are included in the kingdom Protista because they exhibit characteristics of both fungi and protozoa. They are primarily unicellular and can aggregate to form multicellular structures.

Explanation:Euglena exhibits characteristics of both plants and animals. It can photosynthesize like plants and move like animals, thus it was included in both Animalia and Plantae in the two-kingdom system.

Explanation:Cosinodiscus is a genus of diatoms that exhibit a centric discoid form, characterized by a circular shape and radial symmetry.

Explanation:Plasmodium, the parasite responsible for malaria, relies on stagnant water bodies like ponds and puddles for the breeding of its mosquito vector.

Explanation:Dictyostelium is a genus of cellular slime molds that exhibit both unicellular and multicellular stages in their life cycle, forming a slug-like aggregation when food is scarce.

Explanation:Anoxygenic photosynthesis is a process carried out by certain bacteria, such as purple and green sulfur bacteria, where light energy is used to synthesize organic compounds without producing oxygen.

Explanation:Algae are a diverse group of photosynthetic organisms that can be found in the kingdoms Protista, Monera (cyanobacteria), and Plantae.

Explanation:Amoeba belongs to the phylum Protozoa, which includes unicellular eukaryotic organisms that are often motile and heterotrophic.

Explanation:Amoeba is classified under the phylum Protozoa due to its acellular body structure and its ability to perform phagocytosis, a process of engulfing food particles.

Explanation:Red tide is caused by the rapid multiplication of certain dinoflagellates, such as Gonyaulax, which produce toxins that can be harmful to marine life and humans.

Explanation:Unicellular eukaryotic organisms are classified under the kingdom Protista. This kingdom includes a diverse group of organisms that are primarily unicellular and have a well-defined nucleus.

Explanation:Protozoans are considered animals because they are heterotrophic, meaning they obtain their food by ingesting other organisms or organic matter.

Explanation:Auxospores are special cells in diatoms that are formed during the reproductive process to restore the cell to its maximum size after successive divisions have reduced it.

Explanation:The class Sporozoa, also known as Apicomplexa, includes protozoans that are exclusively parasitic, such as Plasmodium and Toxoplasma.

Explanation:Absorptive nutrition involves the absorption of nutrients from the environment. This can be saprophytic, where organisms feed on dead organic matter, or parasitic, where they feed on living hosts.

Explanation:The term Mycetozoa is used by some biologists to refer to slime molds, which are protists that exhibit both fungal and amoeboid characteristics during their life cycle.

Explanation:Diatomaceous earth is a sedimentary deposit composed of the fossilized cell walls of diatoms, which are rich in silica.

Explanation:In diatoms, the cell size decreases with each division due to the way their silica cell walls are constructed. Each division results in one daughter cell being smaller than the parent cell.

Explanation:Euglena stores its reserve food as paramylum starch, a carbohydrate that is unique to this group of organisms.