Quiz_Lichens 1. A lichen having a branching form and growing either prostrate or erect on the ground is called : Foliose Crustose Fruticose Thallose Explanation:Fruticose lichens have a bushy or shrubby appearance and can grow either prostrate or erect. They are often found on the ground or attached to tree branches. 2. Lichens show : Commensalism Mycorrhiza relationship Parasitic relationship of algae and fungi Symbiosis of algae and fungi Explanation:Lichens are a classic example of symbiosis, where algae and fungi live together in a mutually beneficial relationship. The algae provide food through photosynthesis, while the fungi offer protection and structure. 3. Sexual reproduction of lichen is due to : Fungi Algae None of these Both Explanation:The fungal component of lichens is responsible for sexual reproduction. Fungi produce spores in specialized structures, which can then disperse and form new lichens. 4. Name the scientist who gave dual hypothesis for lichens? Theophrastus Schwendener De Bary Reininke Explanation:Simon Schwendener proposed the dual hypothesis for lichens, suggesting that lichens are a symbiotic association between fungi and algae. This hypothesis revolutionized our understanding of lichen biology. 5. In Gymnocarpeae the fruiting body is : Perithecium Apothecium None of these Cleistothecium Explanation:The apothecium is a type of fruiting body found in certain lichens, particularly those in the Gymnocarpeae group. It is an open, often disc-shaped structure where spores are produced. 6. Lichens are ecologically important because : They can grow in greatly polluted areas They are associations of algae and fungi They are pioneers of vegetation in a lithosere They are symbiotic with higher plants Explanation:Lichens are among the first organisms to colonize bare rock surfaces, initiating the process of soil formation and ecological succession. They play a crucial role in breaking down rocks into soil over time. 7. Which of the lichen live as a crust over soil, rocks and branches of trees? Fruticose Foliose Crustose Filamentous Explanation:Crustose lichens form a crust-like growth on various substrates, including soil, rocks, and tree branches. They are tightly adhered to their substrate and are difficult to remove without damaging the lichen. 8. Elongated structure on upper cortex of lichen, having some algal and fungal partners as in main thallus is : Isidium Soredium Cyphelle Cephalodium Explanation:Isidia are elongated, outgrowths on the surface of lichens that contain both algal and fungal components. They aid in vegetative reproduction and help the lichen spread. 9. Lichens form the first community in Xerosere Hydrosere Psammosere Halosere Explanation:Lichens are often the first organisms to colonize dry, barren environments, initiating the process of ecological succession in a xerosere. Their ability to withstand harsh conditions makes them pioneers in these areas. 10. Helotism word is used for the symbiosis between : Pinus and fungi Algae and fungi Germ and bacteria Algae and Cycas Explanation:Helotism refers to a type of symbiotic relationship where one organism (the fungus) dominates and controls the other (the algae). This relationship is seen in lichens where the fungus provides structure and protection while the algae perform photosynthesis. Loading …
