Explanation:Early blight of potato is caused by the fungus Alternaria solani, which leads to dark, concentric spots on leaves, stems, and tubers.

Explanation:Cycas, a gymnosperm, does not produce fruits. Fruits are a characteristic feature of angiosperms, which enclose seeds within a fruit.

Explanation:Sphacelotheca is the pathogen responsible for covered smut in Sorghum, a disease that affects the grains and can lead to significant crop losses.

Explanation:Woese classified fungi in the domain Eukarya, which includes organisms with complex, membrane-bound cells. Fungi are distinct from bacteria and archaea, which are prokaryotes.

Explanation:An endemic disease is one that is consistently present in a particular geographic area or population. It occurs regularly and at predictable rates.

Explanation:Red rot of sugarcane is a fungal disease caused by Colletotrichum falcatum, not a viral disease. The other diseases listed are caused by viruses.

Explanation:Slime molds, rusts, and mushrooms are classified as fungi. They are heterotrophs that obtain nutrients through absorption, unlike protists, monera, and animals.

Explanation:Euglena exhibits characteristics of both plants and animals. It has chloroplasts for photosynthesis like plants but can also move and consume food like animals.

Explanation:Cryptogams are non-seed-bearing plants and include groups like algae (Spirogyra), fungi (Yeast), bryophytes (Moss), and pteridophytes (Fern). These groups reproduce by spores and do not produce flowers or seeds.

Explanation:Albugo, the causative agent of white rust, primarily affects the aerial parts of the plant such as leaves, stems, and flowers, but not the roots.